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在創傷性腦損傷模型中檢查熱處理過的人血小板沉澱裂解物的神經保護和神經修復功效

為了解決DW Deutsch的問題，作者Ouada Nebie 這樣論述：

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a global health challenge nowadays, impacting over 50million people per year globally. This situation is partly linked to the fact that TBI is among thecentral nervous system disorders whose management mostly requires long-term care. It incurs asubstantial econo

mic burden to health systems and costing the global economy more than $400million. In either high, middle, or low-income countries, TBI is associated with significanteconomic and societal changes that deserve attention. The disease is described as one of the mostcomplexes, inducing some disproportio

nate effects between the countries. Unfortunately, theintervention strategies are still facing several limitations at the global level despite all the healthsciences’ progress. These obstacles are the surge of neuroinflammation, leading to progressiveneuronal degeneration and cognitive deficit. Effo

rts are made to stop this “silent killer”, but thereis a failure to manage the long-term burden of TBI efficiently until now.Nowadays, there is growing evidence that platelet lysates are full of bioactive compounds, andthey could constitute a powerful natural neuroprotective agent. Few studies have

already showntheir therapeutic potential in stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Thus,we hypothesized that the delivery of human platelet lysate at an injured area in the brain couldprovide a suitable environment for recovery.The current project is intending to develop an

innovative approach for the treatment of TBI. Weaim to give the proof-of-concept of the interest of using heat-treated human platelet pellet lysate(HPPL) as a neuroprotective agent in TBI using experimental models.We used cells and animal models of TBI to achieve our goal. We first prepared HPPL fro

m nonpathogen-reduced platelet concentrates (PCs) and pathogen-inactivated PCs (I-HPPL) accordingto a previously established procedure. We evaluated their safety and functionality using cellmodels relevant to TBI, including viability assays, wound healing, anti-inflammatory activity,protein expressi

ons, and anti-ferroptosis effect. The safety assessment of the platelet biomaterialwas done using neuronal and endothelial cells and its neuroprotective potential with primaryneurons, dopaminergic cells line and, a ferroptosis inducer.Mouse TBI models were used to assess the therapeutic potential of

HPPL. We targeted it impacton motor function, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic loss. Behavior tests, geneexpression, fluorescent staining, ELISA, Western blot, and proteomics have been used during theinvestigation.19The in vitro experiment performed to investigate the platelet lysa

te’s safety demonstrated clearlythat HPPL/I-HPPL contain bioactive molecules and did not affect cell’s viability or induced stress.Moreover, HPPL and I-HPPL did not affect synaptic and neuronal protein expression and revealedanti-ferroptosis potential. This finding leads to further investigation of

HPPL's beneficial effect invivo. HPPL administration to TBI mice improved their motor function, mitigated the inflammationand oxidative stress. HPPL also decreased the synaptic proteins lost.HPPL is safe and exerted neuroprotective activity in vitro. It successfully reversed the motordeficit, inflam

mation, and stress triggered by brain injury in mice.

以微粒影像測速儀探討充電微粒性質對二階靜電集塵器內流動之影響

為了解決DW Deutsch的問題，作者Gede Suantara Darma 這樣論述：

如今，人們開始更加注意環境中懸浮微粒(Particulate Matter, PM)的數量。懸浮微粒對人體的健康風險已被許多研究所證實，因此去除懸浮微粒的技術成為許多研究的目標。靜電集塵器（Electrostatic Precipitator, ESP）是其中一種高效率微粒收集系統。環境中的懸浮微粒是由各種懸浮於空氣中的固體與液體微粒所組成，每一種微粒在靜電集塵器內的表現都不一樣。在本研究中建構了一個二階(two-stage)靜電集塵器，並以微粒影像測速(Particle Image Velocimetry, PIV)技術來研究不同充電微粒之運動軌跡，以比較出靜電集塵器收集不同微粒時之表現。

本研究分別使用四種不同的微粒:氧化鋁（Al2O3）、油滴、氯化鈉（NaCl）以及氧化鈦（TiO2）進行研究。實驗中主流速度變化範圍自2.36 m/s~4.18 m/s、冠狀電極電壓變化範圍自8kV~12kV，收集電極則固定為16kV。本研究亦以觀察不同平面之流場來研究ESP流道內三維流動之型態。研究結果顯示在主流速度為2.36 m/s的情形下施予電壓從8kV增加至12kV，Al2O3微粒、油滴微粒、NaCl微粒、TiO2微粒之y分量速度各別增加50.6%、76.0%、33.5% 以及51.9%；同樣施加電壓從8kV至12kV，當主流流速為4.18 m/s 時，Al2O3微粒、油滴微粒、NaCl

微粒、TiO2微粒之v分量各別增加 52.7%、59.2%、59.4%以及65.9%。PIV結果顯示油滴微粒的實驗結果有較慢的y分量速度，應為油滴微粒較低的阿基米德數(Archimedes number,3.12E-06)以及較大的遷移係數(mobility number>3)所造成。在低主流速度與低電壓的情況下，TiO2與其他微粒相比有較慢的y分量速度，而在高主流速度與高電壓下，能獲得與其他微粒差不多的y分量速度。流場中央平面之PIV結果顯示y分量速度從-2.6 m/s至-0.5 m/s；相反地，近壁端觀測面之y分量速度僅有-1.0 m/s至多1.0 m/s。此觀察結果與電場強度數值模擬之分

布結果相符。電場模擬之結果顯示測試區的中段以及近壁區域之電場強度分布不同。實際流場中只有一半的籠形電場分佈仍可被觀察到，後半部則被主流流場影像移動至更下游之區域。根據實驗結果，油滴微粒適合用來當作PIV的循跡微粒。這是因為油滴微粒的移動參數大於3，代表微粒移動受流動影響大於電場影響，更容易跟隨流場因此較適合用於流場可視化用途。