At an alarming rate的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列問答集和資訊懶人包

Superabundance: The Story of Population Growth, Innovation, and Human Flourishing on an Infinitely Bountiful Planet

為了解決At an alarming rate的問題，作者 這樣論述：

＂For centuries, the ivory towers of academia have echoed this sentiment of multitudinous ends and limited means. In this supremely contrarian book, Tupy and Pooley overturn the tables in the temple of conventional thinking. They deploy rigorous and original data and analysis to proclaim a gospel

of abundance. Economics--and ultimately, politics--will be enduringly transformed.＂ --George Gilder, author of Life after Google: The Fall of Big Data and the Rise of the Blockchain Economy Generations of people have been taught that population growth makes resources scarcer. In 2021, for example, o

ne widely publicized report argued, ＂The world’s rapidly growing population is consuming the planet’s natural resources at an alarming rate . . . the world currently needs 1.6 Earths to satisfy the demand for natural resources . . . [a figure that] could rise to 2 planets by 2030.＂ But is that true?

After analyzing the prices of hundreds of commodities, goods, and services spanning two centuries, Marian Tupy and Gale Pooley found that resources became more abundant as the population grew. That was especially true when they looked at ＂time prices,＂ which represent the length of time that people

must work to buy something. To their surprise, the authors also found that resource abundance increased faster than the population--a relationship that they call ＂superabundance.＂ On average, every additional human being created more value than he or she consumed. This relationship between populati

on growth and abundance is deeply counterintuitive, yet it is true. Why? More people produce more ideas, which lead to more inventions. People then test those inventions in the marketplace to separate the useful from the useless. At the end of that process of discovery, people are left with innovati

ons that overcome shortages, spur economic growth, and raise standards of living. But large populations are not enough to sustain superabundance--just think of the poverty in China and India before their respective economic reforms. To innovate, people must be allowed to think, speak, publish, assoc

iate, and disagree. They must be allowed to save, invest, trade, and profit. In a word, they must be free.

Anthropogeomorphology of Bhagirathi-Hooghly River System in India

為了解決At an alarming rate的問題，作者 這樣論述：

The Bhagirathi-Hooghly Basin in India is one of the most densely populated regions in the world and is undergoing rapid transformation of its natural landscape induced by human interventions, such as mushrooming of dams and barrages, deforestation, and urbanization. Human activities and intervent

ions on basin landforms and the processes that shape those landforms have accelerated at an alarming rate. This book uses spatio-temporal analysis to understand the major anthropogenic signatures on land use and land cover changes and the impact these activities have on the landforms and processes o

f the Bhagirathi-Hooghly River and its sub-basins. It answers the what, where, why, and how of the anthropogenic signatures involved. Recent case studies on the impact of anthropogenic signatures on fluvial forms and processes make this book a useful resource for students and researchers in the eart

h sciences, local governments, urban planners, and all concerned with rural developments.Features: Explores for the first time the new concept of anthropogeomorphology for the river basin--an emerging fieldAnalyses the impact of anthropogenic activities, especially the construction of dams and reser

voirs, and urbanization on major fluvial landscapes using advanced geospatial modelling techniquesInvestigates human interference in river systems, their effects on the dynamics of the river, and the livelihoods of the people residing along the riverAddresses issues related to geology, geomorphology

, geography, planning, land use, and land management areasFills the need for data-driven governance and policy decisions for the future of urban-industrial growth in India.

基於統計準則式方法強化出版物參考元數據提取方法之研究

為了解決At an alarming rate的問題，作者楊庭豪 這樣論述：

出版物字串是描述資源資訊以讓其他研究者可以搜尋到該資源的一種特殊格式字串，通常用於論文最後引用資料描述以及研究者個人的著作資料整理。我們延續過去的研究基礎，提出結合統計技術與知識規則的方法，透過自動化的準則生成演算法與匹配演算法將出版物字串資料轉換為結構化資訊。出版物參考元數據提取作為學術資料結構化的基本任務，除了用於文獻檢索的精確資訊萃取以外，對於研究學術社群活動網路關係也有助益。然而文獻引用格式的變化性大，且文獻格式也以驚人速度增加，這對於出版物參考元數據提取造成障礙。在這一篇論文中，我們將針對此議題作探討，尋求方法來提升參考元數據提取的效果。此篇論文將研究方向集中在兩個議題上：(1)

整合統計技巧與知識本體之系統設計：我們建構了一套知識表達與應用的環境。該環境包含了知識管理環境與整合式方法核心模型，整合式方法核心模型結合了階層架構式的知識本體與統計方法。在簡化了標記工作的同時仍可以保有資訊提取效能。結合知識的系統架構也使得專家能夠分析各階段的錯誤,並針對關鍵處快速改善系統。我們以此環境開發了出版物參考元數據提取模型。(2) 以統計準則式方法(Statistical Principle-Based Approach, SPBA)強化出版物參考元數據提取： 過去實驗室發展了幾個系統來處理出版物參考元數據提取的任務，在發展過程中我們針對準則產生方式改進並嘗試用於不同任務，最後發展

出了SPBA。SPBA方法有三個步驟，第一步為建立知識本體(Ontology)，並用這些知識對文本進行語意標注(Semantic Labeling)。第二步將前一步驟生成的樣板(Pattern)透過準則生成演算法(Principle Generation Algorithm)將樣板們整合成具有代表性的準則(Principles)。最後用準則批配演算法(Principle Matching)提供彈性比對機制以處理多變的引用格式在本論文中，我們以出版物參考元數據提取任務的公開資料集與專家編輯過的雜訊資料集來驗證SPBA方法的可用性，實驗測試了四個期刊論文引用字串資料集跟一個會議論文引用字串資料集。

我們也比較了當前技術的CRF與Bi-LSTM-CRF方法，SPBA方法在元數據提取任務的效能上在各資料集都獲得了改進。在使用較少訓練資料的實驗中也驗證了SPBA的強健性。大多數的出版物參考元數據提取研究少有提出整合機器學習與知識規則的方法，SPBA可填補此空缺。本研究的貢獻可歸納為下列幾點：第一是結合精簡標記與批配，可以減輕標記工作的負擔。第二是讓從資料中生成準則，可以減輕專家撰寫準則的負擔。第三是我們分享了新的出版物參考元數據提取任務資料集，讓後續研究可以有新的發展材料。SPBA作為一個結合知識本體與統計方法的的技術，能夠產生有可讀性的準則，也能夠讓從各步驟中理解出錯誤的原因，這種具可解釋性

的特性將有助於拓展到未來其它需要細緻處理語意的資訊萃取任務。