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Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Characterization, and Application

為了解決生物材料應用的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Devarajan Thangadurai, PhD, is Assistant Professor at Karnatak University, Dharwad in India and did his postdoctoral research at the University of Madeira, Portugal, University of Delhi, India, and ICAR National Research Centre for Banana, India. He is the recipient of Best Young Scientist Award wit

h Gold Medal from Acharya Nagarjuna University, India, and the VGST-SMYSR Young Scientist Award of the Government of Karnataka, India. He has interest and expertise in the fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology for sustainable future. He has authored/edited more than twenty five books with inter

national publishers in USA, Canada, Switzerland and India. He has authored/coauthored 210 publications inclusive of journal articles, book chapters, books and invited presentations. He has extensively travelled to many universities and institutes in Africa, Europe and Asia for academic works, scient

ific meetings, and international collaborations. Saher Islam, PhD, is an HEC Scholar (Higher Education Commission) of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, where she received her BS, MPhil and PhD in Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinfo

rmatics. She is IRSIP Scholar at Cornell University, New York and Visiting Scholar at West Virginia State University, West Virginia in USA. She has keen research interests in genetics, molecular biology, biotechnology, and bioinformatics pertaining to animal, dairy and food science, and has ample ha

nds on experience in molecular marker analysis, whole genome sequencing and RNA sequencing. She has visited USA, UK, Singapore, Germany, Italy and Russia for academic and scientific trainings, courses, and meetings. She is the recipient of 2016 Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds Travel Grant from European M

olecular Biology Laboratory, Germany. She is an author/coauthor of 50 publications including journal articles, book chapters, books and conference presentations. Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, PhD, is presently the Ag. Director of Intellectual Properties and Technology Transfer; Chairman Committee on R

esearch Grant and Associate Professor of Microbiology and Biotechnology at EUI. He has won several scientific awards and grants from renowned academic bodies like Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India, and Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India, The World Academy of Science (TW

AS) Italy, Netherlands Fellowship Programme (NPF) Netherlands, The Agency for International Development Cooperation Israel, Royal Academy of Engineering UK among many others. He has filed several scientific patents on nanobiosurfactants, nanobiopesticdes and many more. He has published over 150 scie

ntific journals and conference proceedings in international and local refereed journals. His research interest includes microbiology, biotechnology, post-harvest management, and nanotechnology. He is an editorial board member of many international journals and serves as a reviewer to many double-bli

nd peer review journals of Elsevier, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Wiley, PLOS One, Nature, American Chemistry Society, Bentham Science Publishers etc. He is a member of many scientific and professional bodies like American Society for Microbiology, Nigerian Young Academy, Biotechnology Society of N

igeria, and Nigerian Society for Microbiology. He has won international recognition and also acted as a keynote speaker delivering invited talk/position paper at various universities, research institutes and several centers of excellence which span across several continent of the globe. He has over

the last fifteen years built strong working collaborations with reputable research groups in numerous and leading Universities across the globe. He is the convener for Recent Advances in Biotechnology, which is an annual international conference where renowned microbiologists and biotechnologists co

me together to share their latest discoveries. He is also the Founder & CEO of BECTIK Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Company.

生物材料應用進入發燒排行的影片

醫用生物纖維素氣凝膠之製備

為了解決生物材料應用的問題，作者吳怡萱 這樣論述：

　　近年來已經開發了各種由天然聚合物材料製成的各種基於氣凝膠的生物材料，由於氣凝膠具有多孔結構和高比表面積等特性，與生物細胞外基質 (ECM) 的結構相似，在生物醫學研究和應用中引起極大的興趣。基於氣凝膠的生物材料具有高比表面積的多孔性、滲透性、生物相容性和仿生結構，為細胞附著、增殖和分化，提供與ECM環境相似條件，可以為細胞均質化生長提供機械支撐，是生物醫學應用的理想材料。　　本研究目的將著重於如何使用1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) / Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) / CO2 系統製備可用於生醫材料之纖維素氣凝膠。本

研究選用市售的微晶纖維素 (Microcrystalline Cellulose; MCC)，以及本實驗室利用駒形桿菌–Komagataeibacter xylinus自行生產的生物纖維素 (Biocellulose; BC)，透過添加不同生物聚合物 (Agar、Pectin、Gelatin或無添加)，以及不同凝結劑 (H2O、MeOH、EtOH、Acetone或無添加) 使其交聯，並利用冷凍真空乾燥方式製備成氣凝膠。探討三種變因對於生物纖維素氣凝膠的物理、 化學特性之影響，並針對其做生物相容性試驗。結果表明，所有樣品中的L929細胞存活率均大於 80%，此試驗也證明了此材料於生物醫學材料的

可利用性，並於體外凝血性能評估中顯著提升凝血時間，與空白對照組相比提升至少57-83%。　　本研究製備了5種不同可控孔隙的生物纖維素氣凝膠：MCC、MCC/BC、MCC/Agar、MCC/Pectin和MCC/Gelatin Aerogels。隨著氣凝膠密度的逐漸增大，孔隙率則呈下降趨勢，形成的結構越緻密。然而，以Acetone為凝結劑的氣凝膠容易造成結構不均，且易於表面形成片狀型態。　　纖維素濃度和添加之生物聚合物濃度是影響纖維素溶液交聯的主要條件之一。當纖維素濃度小於5wt% 時，由於濃度太低，於纖維素再生過程中的氫鍵之鍵結不足，導致結構脆弱且鍵結不穩定，使其凝結效果不佳、無法交聯。隨著M

CC、BC、Pectin含量的增加，交聯程度、膨潤度和降解速度也隨之增加，歸因於再生纖維素鏈上的大量羥基所導致。壓縮模量也受到氣凝膠中聚合物含量的影響，當氣凝膠受到機械載荷時，外部應力會在氣凝膠網絡的結節處和孔壁積聚，因此這些結節和孔壁的負載能力和機械穩定性決定了氣凝膠的機械強度和抗變形能力。然而，隨著生物聚合物含量的增加，不僅孔壁有增厚的趨勢，且鍵結也更為完整。其中，MCC/Agar氣凝膠具有較為良好的熱穩定性，其密度為所有氣凝膠中最大的，更有助於機械強度的提升，並顯示出 3.37–34.40 MPa 的壓縮模量。

Nanotechnology Theranostics in Livestock Diseases and Management

為了解決生物材料應用的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Dr. Minakshi is a Professor in the Department of Animal Biotechnology, LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), India. Her research interest is in Bioinformatics and Biotechnology with specialization in viruses; molecular characterization, diagnosis and vaccine design, study of geno

me analysis and diversity among viruses. She has been conferred with various prestigious awards notably, International Lifetime Achievement Award 2019 by PISRF(I) in Thailand; International Research Ratna Award, Malaysia. She has more than 20 years of teaching and research experience in Microbiology

and Biotechnology, Molecular Diagnosis, Forensics, Vaccinology, Comparative Genomics, Bioinformatics. She has also published more than 70 research articles in the peer-reviewed international journal and authored or co-authored books and book chapters. She is a member of many international scientifi

c societies and organizations importantly, the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, India; the National Academy of Veterinary Sciences, International Academy of Biosciences, UK.Dr. Rajesh Kumaris working as Scientist in the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India. Earlier, he was engaged as an Assistant Professor, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Science University, Kerala, India. His research interest is in Reproductive Physiology, Environmental Physiology, Proteomics and Metabolomics, Nanotech

nology, Antioxidant and Redox Biology. Dr. Kumar has to his credit a patent for the development of diagnosis method of anoestrous animals which have genetic linkage. He has been awarded with several prestigious fellowships and worked as referee for several prestigious International journals. He has

authored or co-authored over 40 research articles in the peer-reviewed international journals, several books and book chapters. He is a member of different national and international scientific societies and organizations.Dr. Mayukh Ghosh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Veterinary Phy

siology and Biochemistry, RGSC, Banaras Hindu University, UP, India. His research interest is in Proteomics and Metabolomics, Nanotechnology, Reproduction, Molecular Parasitology, Antioxidant and Redox Biology. He has authored or co-authored more than 30 research articles in the peer-reviewed intern

ational journals and several books and book chapters. He is a member of several national and international scientific societies and organizations.Dr Shafiq Syed is currently a Lecturer at the University of Newcastle. His research work is focused on defining the molecular pathways involved in the pat

hogenesis of gynaecological cancers, for which he has developed several models including cancer patient-derived-xenograft and -organoid models, and genetically modified mouse-models of cancer progression and metastasis. He has published more than 30 research articles and book chapters. He is a membe

r of the Hunter Cancer Research Alliance (HCRA) and Australian Society of Reproductive Biology.Dr. Soumendu Chakravarti is a Scientist (Sr. Scale) in ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India and has more than 12 years of research and teaching experience in Molecular Virology. He h

as been awarded ICAR International Fellowship and is currently on deputation as a Visiting Scientist, The Pirbright Institute, UK. He is currently working on a project to identify host-restriction factors mediated by Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in virus infections and factors governing specie

s-specific host restriction against viral diseases at the Pirbright Institute. He has published more than 50 research and review articles in peer-reviewed journals. He is a reviewer of several peer reviewed journals and is Life member of several scientific societies such as Society of General Microb

iology (UK), Indian Science Congress Association, Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Council of India. ​

上轉換奈米材料於蛋白質降解之開發

為了解決生物材料應用的問題，作者賴瑾君 這樣論述：

阿茲海默症是最常見的失智症類型，其發病後病程緩慢且不可逆，尤其致病機制複雜，目前尚未有定論，因此目前尚無發現能夠徹底治癒阿茲海默症之藥物或療法。阿茲 海默症患者大腦最顯著的特徵之一，為可觀察到由β類澱粉蛋白沈積，形成斑塊狀的病灶，許多文獻指出由β類澱粉蛋白聚集之寡聚體為導致此疾病之致病關鍵，因此如何清除此致病蛋白成為治療此疾病的治療策略之一。由於上轉換奈米粒子具有能夠透過多光子吸收近紅外光光子後依照材料內部摻雜元素離子放射出不同短波長之可見光之能力，因此相當適合應用於非侵入式生物體內之光動力治療上。本研究使用與β類澱粉蛋白具親和力之光敏劑與上轉換奈米材料共同搭配，利用具標的性光敏劑與目標蛋白

結合後加以照射不導致熱傷害之近紅外光激發上轉換奈米材料，使其轉換放射出可激發光敏劑之可見光進而激發光敏劑使其釋放出可破壞目標蛋白之活性氧物種，藉此達到治療之目的。本研究使用熱共沉殿法製備具良好結晶性與放光性能之上轉換奈米粒子，並透過調整其摻雜之鑭系元素使其能夠吸收避免造成熱傷害之近紅外光波段，進而使其於生物體內光動力治療上更具應用優勢，並結合與β類澱粉蛋白具親和力之薑黃素作為光敏劑製備為複合型生物材料，應用於破壞β類澱粉蛋白之光動力治療上。所製備之複合型生物材料於活性氧物種之生成具有良好表現，並藉由 ThT 螢光分析確認此複合型生物材料於β類澱粉蛋白寡聚體之破壞具有顯著效果。